Describe open twist and forward guidance

1,What is operation twist? How does it work and what is the objective for doing that?

2. What is forward guidance? What was the rationale behind the Fed’s decision to issue forward guidance?

Please Note:

my professor said, we can not use too much quotes and we need to use our words to describe it then use the citation. and we can not have contractions And Complete bibliography with endnotes or footnotes (single-spaced) for specific references

double space for paper  and  single-space for specific references